PTH intact

Parathyroid hormone (PTH), analyzed at Introlab Laboratory, plays a crucial role in regulating mineral metabolism in our body. This hormone, in synergy with vitamin D and calcitonin, enables efficient management of calcium and phosphate levels. PTH activates processes that release these minerals from bones, increasing their concentration in the bloodstream. Additionally, PTH stimulates the absorption of calcium in the intestines while simultaneously encouraging the kidneys to excrete more phosphate. The PTH intact analysis provides key information about bone health and metabolic processes in the body.

What is PTH intact?

Parathyroid hormone, also known as PTH, is a protein produced by the parathyroid glands—four small glands located behind the thyroid gland. This hormone is composed of a chain of 84 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 9500 daltons. The biologically active part of this hormone has a very short half-life of only 4 minutes, after which it is excreted through the kidneys and liver.

PTH plays a crucial role in regulating calcium levels in the body, acting in three different ways:

• It stimulates the release of calcium from bones into the bloodstream, activating osteoclasts.
• It affects the kidneys to produce the active form of vitamin D, which facilitates greater absorption of calcium and phosphate from food.
• It helps the kidneys reabsorb calcium, reducing its excretion through urine, while simultaneously promoting the excretion of phosphorus.

PTH levels in the body fluctuate throughout the day, with the highest values during sleep and the lowest values in the middle of the day. There may also be seasonal changes in PTH levels, which are linked to vitamin D levels.

Why is measuring this parameter important?

Measuring PTH levels is crucial because abnormalities in its level can indicate numerous diseases.

Excessively high values can indicate hyperparathyroidism: a condition characterized by excessive activity of the parathyroid glands.
Low values can indicate hypoparathyroidism: a condition characterized by reduced activity of the parathyroid glands.

Additionally, irregularities in PTH levels can indicate problems with the kidneys, vitamin D, or diseases affecting metabolic processes.

When is the PTH intact test needed?

The PTH intact analysis is recommended when there is suspicion of abnormalities in the functioning of the parathyroid glands. Also, this test is often used to monitor individuals with chronic kidney disease, as well as those on long-term vitamin D therapy. The test may also be recommended when irregularities in calcium or phosphorus levels in the blood are detected.