Quantiferon (TBC, M.tuberculosis)

The Quantiferon analysis (TBC, M.tuberculosis), offered by IntroLab laboratory in Belgrade, is an advanced test for detecting infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, which causes tuberculosis.

What is Quantiferon?

Quantiferon is a brand of blood test that detects infection with the bacterium Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis. The test is particularly useful as an alternative to the traditional tuberculin skin test (Mantoux test), as it is more precise and does not require a return visit to read the results. This test is especially effective in individuals who have received the BCG vaccine against tuberculosis and for screening individuals at risk of infection, including healthcare workers and people with weakened immune systems.

Why is measuring this parameter important?

Diagnosing infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis is crucial for two reasons. First, tuberculosis is a very serious disease that can lead to death if not treated promptly. Second, tuberculosis is easily transmitted from person to person through the air. For these reasons, rapid diagnosis and treatment are essential to prevent the spread of the disease.

How are the results interpreted?

Quantiferon test results can be positive, negative, or indeterminate. A positive result indicates a possible infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A negative result generally indicates that there is no infection. However, some people with tuberculosis may have a negative result. An indeterminate result means that the test was unable to confirm or rule out infection.

How is the analysis performed?

The Quantiferon test requires a blood sample that is sent to the laboratory. The laboratory technician will then expose the blood sample to specific proteins found in Mycobacterium tuberculosis. If the T cells in the blood have previously been exposed to this bacterium, they will react to these proteins and release a specific protein, interferon-gamma. The level of this protein is then measured.

Preparation for the analysis

There is no special preparation required for this test. It is advisable to inform your doctor about all medications you are taking, as some medications can affect the test results.

Subtypes and specificities of the analysis

There are three versions of the QuantiFERON test:

• QuantiFERON-TB Gold
• QuantiFERON-TB Gold Plus
• QuantiFERON-TB Gold In-Tube

All three versions are used to detect infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis, but they have different advantages and disadvantages. The decision on which test to use is usually made based on the specific needs of the patient and the availability of the test.